考研英语水平的进步，不仅要记单词，还需要阅读外语文献等资料。接下来，小编为2024考研者们，整理出——2024考研英语同源外刊:为何有的女性选择战略性示弱，供考生参考。
2024考研英语同源外刊:为何有的女性选择战略性示弱
“Stop using weak language.” If you’re a woman, you’ve probably gotten this advice from a mentor, a coach or a teacher. If you want to be heard, use more forceful language. If you want a raise or a promotion, demand it. As the saying goes, nice girls don’t get the corner office. This advice may be well intentioned, but it’s misguided. Disclaimers (I might be wrong, but …), hedges (maybe, sort of), and tag questions (don’t you think?) can be a strategic advantage. So-called weak language is an unappreciated source of strength. Understanding why can explain a lot about the way women acquire power and influence — and how men do, too.
“不要再使用弱势的语言了。”如果你是女性，你可能从导师、教练或老师那里得到过这个建议。如果你想让别人听到你，就要使用更有力的表达。如果你想要加薪或升职，就提出要求。俗话说，克己复礼的女孩难获擢升。这个建议可能是出于好意，但具有误导性。免责声明(“也许我说的不对，但是……”)、缓冲性词语(“也许”、“有一点”)和反问句(“你不觉得吗?”)可以是一种战略优势。所谓的弱势语言是一种未得到重视的力量来源。理解其中的原因可以解释女性——以及男性——获得力量和影响力的方式。
It turns out that women who use weak language when they ask for raises are more likely to get them. In one experiment, experienced managers watched videos of people negotiating for higher pay and weighed in on whether the request should be granted.
事实证明，在要求加薪时使用弱势语言的女性更有可能获得加薪。在一项试验中，经验丰富的经理们观看了人们谈判加薪的视频，并权衡这些要求是否应被批准。
The participants were more willing to support a salary bump for women — and said they would be more eager to work with them — if the request sounded tentative: “I don’t know how typical it is for people at my level to negotiate,” they said, following a script, “but I’m hopeful you’ll see my skill at negotiating as something important that I bring to the job.” By using a disclaimer (“I don’t know …”) and a hedge “(I hope …”), the women reinforced the supervisor’s authority and avoided the impression of arrogance. For the men who asked for a raise, however, weak language neither helped nor hurt. No one was fazed if they just came out and demanded more money.
如果女性以试探性的方式提出要求，被试者更愿意支持这些女性加薪，并表示会更愿意与她们一起工作。“我不知道和我这个级别的人谈判是否常见，”她们按照剧本说，“但我希望你会看到我的谈判技巧，它在我的工作中发挥的重要作用。”通过使用免责声明(“我不知道……”)和缓冲“(我希望……”)，女性强化了主管的权威，同时避免留下傲慢的印象。然而，对于那些要求加薪的男性来说，弱势语言既无益也无害。如果他们直接提出要求涨薪，也没人会感到困扰。
In the United States and in many cultures, gender stereotypes still hold that men should be dominant and assertive, while women should be kind and caring. When women violate these stereotypes, they often get punished. In a meta-analysis of dozens of studies, when women asserted their ideas, made direct requests and advocated for themselves, they were judged as less hirable. Although they were seen as equally competent, they were liked less than men who engaged in the exact same behaviors.
在美国和许多文化中，性别刻板印象仍然认为男性应该占主导地位，应该自信，而女性应该善良体贴。当女性违背这些刻板印象时，她们常常会受到惩罚。在对数十项研究进行的荟萃分析中，当女性表达自己的想法、提出直接要求并为自己辩护时，她们被认为不太适合雇用。即使她们被认为与男性同样有能力，但和有同样行为的男性比起来，她们不太受欢迎。
New evidence reveals that it’s not ambition per se that women are being penalized for. In fact, women who are perceived as intelligent and capable, determined and achievement-oriented, independent and self-reliant are seen as morepromotable to leadership positions. A man who issues orders is known as tough and hard-charging. A woman who speaks authoritatively still gets branded as a self-centered shrew. As the cartoonist Judy Horacek put it: “What’s the difference between being assertive and being aggressive? Your gender.”
新的研究证据表明，有野心并非女性受到惩罚的原因。一个男人发号施令，人们认为他严厉、强硬。一个女人命令式发话，仍然会被贴上以自我为中心的悍妇标签。正如漫画家朱迪·霍拉切克所说：“自信和咄咄逼人之间的区别在哪里?在于你的性别。”
单词：
1.forceful
英/ ˈfɔːsfl /美/ ˈfɔːrsfl /
adj.有魄力的;有力的，有说服力的
2.promotion
英/ prəˈməʊʃ(ə)n /美/ prəˈmoʊʃ(ə)n /
n.提拔，晋升;促销，推销;促进，提倡;(体育运动队的)晋级，升级;(为获利而举办的)体育赛事(尤指系列拳击赛);(化学)助催化
3.hedge
英/ hedʒ /美/ hedʒ /
n.树篱;防范措施，防备手段
v.拐弯抹角，避免正面回答;用树篱围住;包围，限制;采取保值措施以规避风险
4.sort of
某种程度上，有点
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