考研英语水平的进步，不仅要记单词，还需要阅读外语文献等资料。接下来，小编为2024考研者们，整理出——2024考研英语同源外刊:经济学硬汉分支强势来袭，供考生参考。
2024考研英语同源外刊:经济学硬汉分支强势来袭
Some economics textbooks used to define their subject as the “science of scarcity.” Maybe some still do. That’s actually quite wrong: Some of the most useful economics involves telling people that they need not settle for less — for example, that we don’t simply have to accept recessions as a fact of life, that we can and should fight them with expansionary monetary and fiscal policy. Still, a fair bit of economics does involve explaining limits and constraints — for example, that you can’t sustain a Denmark-style system of social benefits without something like Denmark-style tax rates.
一些经济学教科书过去曾将其学科定义为“稀缺科学”。可能现在还有一些人在这么做。但这实际上是大错特错了：一些较有用的经济学告诉人们，他们不需要委曲求全——例如，我们不需要简单地接受经济衰退是既定事实，我们可以而且应该用扩张性的货币和财政政策来应对经济衰退。不过，还是有相当一部分经济学确实会解释经济限制和约束手段——例如，如果没有丹麦式的税率，就无法维持丹麦式的社会福利体系。
But accepting the need for hard choices can turn into a kind of trap itself. You might think that everyone is always looking for easy answers, but that’s not actually how it works: In some professional contexts you get reputational points for sounding realistic and tough-minded. As a result, some economists and economic commentators seem to positively exult in prescribing harsh economic medicine; after the 2008 crisis, the U.S. economy suffered badly at the hands of Very Serious People who moralized about debt in the face of persistently high unemployment.
但接受需要做出艰难选择这件事本身可能会变成一种陷阱。你可能认为每个人都在寻求简单的答案，但事实并非如此：在某些专业环境中，你可能会因为听起来很现实、很强硬而赢得声誉上的称赞。因此，一些经济学家和经济评论员似乎对开出严厉的经济药方感到欣喜;2008年金融危机后，美国经济在“非常严肃的人”手中遭受重创，这些人面对持续涨的失业率，选择指责债务问题。
Trying to be tough-minded can cause political and public relations problems, too. Many economists, even among progressives, use wage growth as an important indicator of “underlying” inflation. You need, however, to be careful not to suggest — as Andrew Bailey, the governor of the Bank of England, did — that greedy workers are the villains behind inflation.
观点强硬也会导致政治和公共关系问题。许多经济学家，甚至是进步人士，都会把薪资增长视为“潜在”通胀的重要指标。然而，你需要小心，不要像英国央行行长安德鲁•贝利那样，暗示想要涨薪的工人是通胀背后的罪魁祸首。
Which brings me to the furor created by some tone-deaf remarks by Huw Pill, the Bank of England’s chief economist, to the effect that British inflation — which has been running higher than inflation here — reflects a general unwillingness on the part of workers and others to “accept the fact that they’re worse off.” But clumsiness aside, was Pill’s diagnosis correct? The answer, I’d argue, is that there was some truth to his analysis, but for the United States, at least, a lot of it was wrong — and I suspect that this is true for Britain as well.
这让我想到了英国央行首席经济学家休•皮尔的一些不着调的言论引发的愤怒，大意是英国的通货膨胀一直大于通货膨胀率，这反映了部分员工和其他人普遍不愿意“接受自己的处境更糟糕的事实”。但先不管他的拙劣之处，皮尔的判断正确吗?我认为，答案是他的分析部分是对的，但至少对美国来说，很多都是错误的——我怀疑对英国来说也是如此。
What Pill got right was describing inflation as a game of “pass the parcel”: Everyone is trying to get ahead by raising prices, but because everyone else is doing the same thing, on average, any gains people get from higher prices for the things they sell are offset by higher prices for the things they buy. So the overall effect of efforts by individual players to make gains at others’ expense is inflation, which hurts everyone.
皮尔有道理的部分在于，他把通货膨胀描述为一种“传递包裹”的游戏。因此，个体以牺牲他人利益为代价获取收益的总体效应是通货膨胀，这会对所有人造成损害。
词汇：
1.fiscal
/ˈfɪskəl/
adj. (政府)财政的; 财政年度的; 金融的
n. (某些国家的)检察官，财政官员
2. commentator
/ˈkɒmənˌteɪtə/
n. 现场解说员，实况播音员; 评论员
3. exult
/ɪɡˈzʌlt/
vi.狂喜，欢欣鼓舞;非常高兴
4. villain
/ˈvɪlən/
n. 反派角色，反面人物; 祸首，元凶; 坏人，恶棍
5.furor
/fjʊˈrɔːr/
n.狂热;激怒;喧闹;感动
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