2025考研英语同源外刊:幸福与否，由我定义
On the last day of class, I ask my students to turn those theoretical lenses on themselves, to find cogent answers to three questions: First, how can I be sure that I’ll be happy in my career? Second, how can I be sure that my relationships with my spouse and my family become an enduring source of happiness? Third, how can I be sure I’ll stay out of jail?课程的最后一天，我让学生把理论的镜头对准自己，为三个问题找到令人信服的答案：首先，我如何确保我的职业生涯会快乐？第二，我怎样才能确保我与配偶和家人的关系成为一种持久的幸福源泉？第三，我怎么能保证自己不触犯法律？
词汇
1. cogent /ˈkəʊdʒənt/ adj. 有说服力的，令人信服的；清晰的，合乎逻辑的
2. spouse /spaʊs/ n. 配偶 v. 和……结婚
One of the theories that gives great insight on the first question—how to be sure we find happiness in our careers—is from Frederick Herzberg, who asserts that the powerful motivator in our lives isn’t money; it’s the opportunity to learn, grow in responsibilities, contribute to others, and be recognized for achievements. My conclusion: Management is the most noble of professions if it’s practiced well. No other occupation offers as many ways to help others learn and grow, take responsibility and be recognized for achievement, and contribute to the success of a team.
对于第一个问题——如何确保我们在事业中找到幸福感，弗雷德里克·赫茨伯格提供了其中一种深刻的理论见解，他强调，我们生活中强大的动力不是金钱；而是一个学习的机会，在责任中成长，为他人做出贡献，并因成就而得到认可。我的结论是：如果做好了，管理是最高尚的职业。没有其他职业能提供如此多的方式来帮助他人学习和成长，承担责任，认可取得的成就，并为团队的成功做出贡献。
词汇
1.assert /əˈsɜːt/ v. 坚称，断言; 维护，坚持(权利或权威); 坚持自己的主张，表现坚定; 生效，起作用
2. noble /ˈnəʊbəl/ adj. 崇高的，高尚的; 宏伟的，卓越的; 贵族的，高贵的; 惰性的 n. (旧时的)贵族
Create a Strategy for Your Life. A theory that is helpful in answering the second question—How can I ensure that my relationship with my family proves to be an enduring source of happiness?—concerns how strategy is defined and implemented. Its primary insight is that a company’s strategy is determined by the types of initiatives that management invests in. If a company’s resource allocation process is not managed masterfully, what emerges from it can be very different from what management intended. Because companies’ decision-making systems are designed to steer investments to initiatives that offer the most tangible and immediate returns, companies shortchange investments in initiatives that are crucial to their long-term strategies.
为你的生活制定一个策略。这个理论有助于回答第二个问题——我怎样才能确保我与家人的关系是持久的幸福源泉？——考虑如何设定和实施生活战略。它的主要观点是，公司的战略是由管理层投资的项目类型决定的。翻译划线句，长按文末小程序码打卡，答案下期公布~因为公司的决策系统被设计成要把投资引到最直观和最能提供直接回报的项目中（短期主义），公司减少了对其长期战略至关重要的项目的投资。
词汇
1.allocation /ˌæləˈkeɪʃən/ n. 配给量，划拨款，份额; 分配，分派
2. steer /stɪə/ v. 驾驶(交通工具)，掌方向盘; 指导(某人的行为); 带领(某人去某地); 沿(特定路线或方向)行进; 选择某种做法 n. (车辆的)驱动方式; 建议，忠告; 阉公牛
We’re taught in finance and economics that in evaluating alternative investments, we should ignore sunk and fixed costs, and instead base decisions on the marginal costs and marginal revenues that each alternative entails. We learn in our course that this doctrine biases companies to leverage what they have put in place to succeed in the past, instead of guiding them to create the capabilities they’ll need in the future. If we knew the future would be exactly the same as the past, that approach would be fine. But if the future’s different—and it almost always is—then it’s the wrong thing to do.
我们在金融和经济学中学过，在评估替代投资方案时，我们应该忽略沉没成本和固定成本，转而根据每个替代方案的边际成本和边际收益来做决定。我们在课程中学到，这项原则会让公司倾向于利用他们过去的成功经验，而不是指导他们创造未来所需的能力。如果我们知道未来和过去是完全一样的，那么这种方法就很好。但如果未来是不同的——事实几乎总是如此——那么这么做就是错的。
词汇
1.marginal /ˈmɑːdʒɪnəl/ adj. 小的，微不足道的; (活动、花费、税项等)边际的; 非主流的，边缘的; 以相差无几的票数获胜(或失败)的; 写在页边空白的; 贫瘠的 n. 岸边水生植物; 边缘席位
2. entail /ɪnˈteɪl/ v. 使必要，需要; 遗赠(财产)，限定继承; 使人承担 n. 限定继承，限嗣继承的财产
3.doctrine /ˈdɒktrɪn/ n. 教义，主义，信条; (政府政策的)正式声明
4.leverage /ˈliːvərɪdʒ/ n. 影响力，手段; 杠杆力，杠杆作用; 杠杆比率v. 举债经营; 充分利用(资源、观点等)
This theory addresses the third question I discuss with my students—how to live a life of integrity (stay out of jail). Unconsciously, we often employ the marginal cost doctrine in our personal lives when we choose between right and wrong. A voice in our head says, “Look, I know that as a general rule, most people shouldn’t do this. But in this particular extenuating circumstance, just this once, it’s OK.” The marginal cost of doing something wrong “just this once” always seems alluringly low. It suckers you in, and you don’t ever look at where that path ultimately is headed and at the full costs that the choice entails. Justification for infidelity and dishonesty in all their manifestations lies in the marginal cost economics of “just this once.”
这个理论解决了我和学生讨论的第三个问题——如何清白生活（远离监狱）。当我们在对与错之间做出选择时，我们经常无意识地在个人生活中使用边际成本原则。我们脑中会有这样一个声音：“听着，我知道一般来说，大多数人不应该这样做。但这种特殊的情有可原的情况下，就这一次，没关系。”“就这一次”让做错事的边际成本似乎总是低得诱人。它会让你深陷其中，而你却从未想过这条路最终会通往何处，以及这样选择所带来的全部成本。所有不忠和不诚实行为的解释都是“就这一次”的边际成本经济学。
词汇
1.extenuate /ɪkˈstɛnjʊˌeɪt/ v. 减轻(过错等)的程度，使看起来情有可原；使瘦削
2.alluringly /ə'ljuəriŋli/ adv. 诱人地；妩媚地
3.infidelity /ˌɪnfɪˈdɛlɪtɪ/ n. 无信仰，不信神；背信；不忠行为，通奸；私通
写作句总结
It suckers you in, and you don’t ever look at where that path ultimately is headed and at the full costs that the choice entails.
结构：… suckers you in, and you don’t ever look at where that path ultimately is headed and at the full costs that the choice entails.
…会让你深陷其中，而你却从未想过这条路最终会通往何处，以及这样选择所带来的全部成本。
例句：Love suckers you in, and you don’t ever look at where that path ultimately is headed and at the full costs that the choice entails.
综上是“2025考研英语同源外刊:幸福与否，由我定义”，希望对备战2025考研考生们有所帮助!让我们乘风破浪，终抵彼岸，考研加油!
