考研英语水平的进步，不仅要记单词，还需要阅读外语文献等资料。接下来，小编为2024考研者们，整理出——2024考研英语同源外刊:美1.2亿人生活在空气污染地区，供考生参考。
2024考研英语同源外刊:美1.2亿人生活在空气污染地区
The climate crisis has upended progress on improving air quality, with one in three Americans currently living in areas with harmful levels of pollutants known to increase the risk of medical emergencies, pregnancy complications and premature death, new research reveals.
一项新研究显示，气候危机逆转了空气质量改善的进程，目前有三分之一的美国人生活污染物处于有害水平的地区，这些污染物会增加紧急医疗状况、妊娠并发症以及早亡的风险。
Almost 120 million people in the US are still exposed to unhealthy levels of soot and smog, according to the annual report by the American Lung Association (ALA), which found that people of color are almost four times more likely to live in the most polluted places than white Americans. The extent to which access to clean air is racialized is stark; people of color account for 54% of those living in counties with failing air quality, despite accounting for just over 40% of the general population.
根据美国肺脏协会的年度报告，美国有近1.2亿人仍暴露在不健康的煤烟和烟尘环境中，该报告发现，有色人种生活在污染较严重地区的可能性几乎是白种美国人的四倍。获得清洁空气的种族差异是非常明显的;居住在空气质量不佳的县的人中有54%为有色人种，而有色人种占总人口的比例不过是40%多一点。
The zip code lottery spotlights decades of racist housing and environmental policies, which have incentivized and enabled polluting infrastructure like highways and railroads, fossil fuel projects and manufacturing plants to be located close to Black, Latin and Indigenous communities.
“邮编彩票”问题突显了美国存在数十年的住房和环境政策种族歧视问题，相关政策鼓励并允许差的环境污染环境的基础设施，如高速公路和铁路，化石燃料项目以及制造厂等安置在黑人、拉丁裔和土著社区附近。(注：在美国历史上，存在大量的种族歧视和歧视性的住房和环保政策，导致黑人、拉丁裔和土著人等少数族裔社区经常被安排在贫困地区或者污染的区域。邮编彩票，是指黑人、拉丁裔和土著人社区中的环境污染率更大，所以这些社区中的居民更容易“生病中奖”。)
And despite overall improvements in air quality and pollution-related deaths over the past 50 years, the report also highlights a widening disparity between air quality in eastern and western states, especially for soot particles – scientifically known as fine particulate matter or PM2.5. Ten of the 11 most polluted counties are in California where the climate breakdown is fueling wildfires and rising temperatures that are undermining efforts to improve air quality in places like Fresno, San Bernardino, Tulare and Los Angeles.
尽管在过去的50年里，空气质量以及与污染有关的死亡情况总体上有所改善，但该报告也强调了东部和西部各州空气质量差距日渐扩大，尤其是煤烟颗粒——科学界称之为细颗粒物或PM2.5.
“It is striking and distressing that 120 million people are still at risk from unhealthy air pollution, said Katherine Pruitt, lead author and the ALA’s national senior policy director. “Since around 2017. heat and drought driven by climate change has been undoing some of the progress that we should have made and been able to retain.”
该研究的作者、美国肺科协会的国家高级政策主任凯瑟琳·普鲁特说，“竟然还有1.2亿人仍然面临不健康的空气污染，如此令人震惊且痛心。”“自2017年左右以来，因气候变化导致的炎热和干旱一直在破坏我们本应取得并能够保持的一些进展。”
词汇：
1.soot
英/ sʊt /美/ sʊt /
n.煤烟，烟灰
vt.用煤烟熏黑;以煤烟弄脏
2.disparity
英/ dɪˈspærəti /美/ dɪˈspærəti /
n.明显差异
3.premature
英/ ˈpremətʃə(r) /美/ ˌpriːməˈtʃʊr /
adj.过早的，提早的;早产的;草率的，仓促的
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