考研英语水平的进步，不仅要记单词，还需要阅读外语文献等资料。接下来，小编为2024考研者们，整理出——2024考研英语同源外刊:美国经济能否避免衰退，供考生参考。
2024考研英语同源外刊:美国经济能否避免衰退
As covid-19 spread throughout the world three years ago, many pored over the history of a previous pandemic, the Spanish flu of 1918-19. for clues about how the disaster would unfold. Now that the plague has abated, history may also provide a few lessons for the aftermath. As the first world war and the Spanish flu receded, interest rates were low and government spending high. Inflation surged. In order to bring prices back under control, America’s central bankers cranked rates up, triggering a severe recession. The Federal Reserve described its actions in 1921 as “painful but…unavoidable” following “an unprecedented orgy of extravagance”.
三年前，随着新冠肺炎在全世界的传播，许多人仔细研究了前一次大流行病的历史，即1918-1919年的西班牙流感，以寻找这场灾难将如何发生的线索。既然大流行病已经消退，历史或许也会为其后果提供一些教训。随着一次世界大战和西班牙流感逐渐远去，利率很低，政府支出很多。通胀飙升。为了控制物价，美国中央银行提了利率，引发了严重的经济衰退。美联储将1921年的行动描述为一种“痛苦但……不可避免的(行为)”，在这之前发生的是 “前所未有的奢侈狂欢”。
These days Fed officials tend to avoid the word orgy, but they are wrestling with similar circumstances. They have been raising rates at the fastest pace since the early 1980s. Hawkish economists argue that, to quell inflation, the Fed will have to raise them yet higher, even though that would certainly raise unemployment and probably induce a recession. Doves counter that the Fed has already gone too far and that further economic pain is unnecessary. A third possibility, that the Fed is getting things just right, and that the economy will slow and inflation dissipate without a recession (a “soft landing” in the jargon), was until recently seen as nigh on impossible.
如今，美联储官员倾向于避免使用“狂欢”这个词，但他们也在努力应对类似的情况。自上世纪80年代初以来，他们一直在以较快的速度加息。鹰派经济学家认为，为了抑制通胀，美联储将不得不进一步提利率，尽管这肯定会加快失业率，并可能引发经济衰退。鸽派反驳说，美联储已经走得太远了，没有必要再给经济带来痛苦。第三种可能性是，美联储做得恰到好处，经济将放缓，通胀将消失，而不会出现衰退(行话叫“软着陆”)。直到近期，人们还认为这种可能性几乎是不可能的。
The odds are still stacked against it. Since March 2022 the Fed has lifted short-term interest rates from 0% to 5%. Such rapid jumps tend to go hand-in-hand with recessions. As higher rates raise the cost of borrowing, they drag down both spending by consumers and investment by companies.
软着陆的可能性仍然很低。自2022年3月以来，美联储已将短期利率从0%上调至5%。这种快速增长往往与经济衰退密切相关。由于较大的利率加大了借贷成本，它们拖累了消费者的支出和企业的投资。
单词
recession /rɪˈseʃ(ə)n/ n. 经济衰退;
pore over 认真钻研，仔细阅读;
pandemic /pænˈdemɪk/ n. 大流行病;
plague /pleɪɡ/ n. 瘟疫，传染病;鼠疫(尤指腺鼠疫);(老鼠或昆虫等肆虐造成的)灾害，祸患; 普遍的祸害;烦恼事;
abate /əˈbeɪt/ vi. 减弱;
aftermath /ˈæftərmæθ/ n.(战争、风暴、事故的)后果，余波;
recede /rɪˈsiːd/ vi. 逐渐远离，渐渐退去;(质量)下降，(问题或疾病等)逐渐减弱;
inflation /ɪnˈfleɪʃ(ə)n/ n. 通货膨胀;
surge /sɜːrdʒ/ vi. 急剧上升;飞涨;激增;
综上是“2024考研英语同源外刊:美国经济能否避免衰退”，希望对备战2024考研考生们有所帮助!让我们乘风破浪，终抵彼岸，考研加油!
