考研英语水平的进步，不仅要记单词，还需要阅读外语文献等资料。接下来，小编为2024考研者们，整理出——2024考研英语同源外刊:社交网络在银行倒闭上的作用，供考生参考。
2024考研英语同源外刊:社交网络在银行倒闭上的作用
The banking turmoil that has sent a handful of American and European lenders to the wall in recent weeks has a new feature. Use of social media and messaging apps, which spread information at lightning pace to an ever-larger group of panickers, marks a break from past crises. Meanwhile, new digital-finance tools let nervous depositors withdraw funds as soon as the notion strikes them, whether from offices in San Francisco or ski slopes in Saint Moritz.
近期几周让欧美少数贷款机构陷入绝境的银行业动荡有一个新特点。与过往的危机不同，由于有了社交媒体和即时通讯应用，信息以闪电般的速度传播给不断扩大的恐慌人群。与此同时，新的数字金融工具又让神经紧绷的储户在一念之间便可取走存款，无论他们身在旧金山的办公室还是圣莫里茨的滑雪场。
After the fall of Silicon Valley Bank, the idea of faster bank runs is understandably causing concern among analysts and legislators. Yet the wave of new tech in the past decade and a bit is by no means the first to change behaviour. Previous examples suggest something of a pattern: innovations initially help facilitate a boom, contributing to exuberance based on a sense of futuristic possibility, before speeding up and magnifying the eventual bust. History also suggests that recent technological changes may have a deeper impact, reshaping markets in the long run, too.
硅谷银行的倒闭引起了分析师和立法者对银行挤兑速度加快的担忧，这是可以理解的。但过去十多年的新技术浪潮绝不是首次改变人们的行为。之前的例子表现出某种模式：创新起初有助于促进繁荣，催生出憧憬未来无限可能性的泡沫，然后不断加速并放大的破灭。历史还表明，近期的技术变革可能会产生更加深刻的影响，在长期重塑市场面貌。
From the 1840s onwards, America was blanketed by the electric telegraph, which transmitted messages by overhead wires, connecting previously disparate financial markets in Boston, Chicago, New York and Philadelphia. In 1866 reliable communication became possible between America and Europe as well, thanks to an undersea telegraph cable. Historians credit these new methods of transmitting financial information with smoothing out pricing inefficiencies. The gap between American and British cotton prices dropped by a third, for example, and volatility also declined. The new form of communication was significant enough to have left a legacy. Among currency traders, the sterling-dollar exchange rate is still known informally as “cable”.
从19世纪40年代起，电报在美国实现全覆盖，通过架空电线传输信息，电报把之前迥然不同的波士顿、芝加哥、纽约和费城等金融市场连接起来。1866年，海底电缆让美国和欧洲之间的可靠通信也成为可能。历史学家将定价低效率的消除归功于这些传递金融信息的新方法。例如，美国和英国棉花价格的差距缩小了三分之一，波动性也有所下降。这种新的交流方式意义重大，足以留下一笔辉煌的篇章。外汇交易员之间仍私下将英镑对美元的汇率称为“电缆”。
But efficiency often comes at a cost. In the 19th century, communication by cable was expensive and limited, and the information received at risk of manipulation by those transmitting it. During the panic of 1873. correspondents at The Economist went back and forth about whether the debilitating effects of new technologies, spreading panic from one market to another, outweighed the positives. A century later, new technology again provoked worries during a market crash in October 1987. The Brady Commission, which later investigated the slump in America, found that electronic communication across borders exacerbated problems.
但效率往往是有代价的。在19世纪，电缆通信成本大且资源有限，接收到的信息有被传输者操纵的风险。一个世纪后，在1987年10月的一次市场崩盘中，新技术再次引发了担忧。布雷迪委员会后来对美国的经济衰退展开调查，发现跨境电子通讯恶化了问题的发展。
Innovation has sped up sudden market wobbles, truncating panics that would have taken months in the 19th century to weeks. In the modern era, timelines have contracted further, from weeks to days or even hours. Yet this may turn out to be just one of the ways in which frictionless trading and freely available information, of varying quality, affect finance in years to come. The profits banks have enjoyed for decades—or centuries—thanks to high transactions costs and low financial literacy might also become harder to sustain.
(技术)创新加速了市场的突然波动，将19世纪发展几个月的恐慌瞬间缩短到几周。而现代，时间线进一步缩短，从几周缩短到几天甚至几个小时。然而，这可能只是未来几年内无摩擦交易和可自由获取的质量不一的信息对金融造成影响的某一种体现方式而已。由于交易成本和低金融素养要求，银行几十年甚至几个世纪以来一直享有的利润可能也会变得难以为继。
词汇：
1.panick
adj.<废语>惊慌的
n.<废语>恐慌，惊慌;大恐慌
v.<废语>(使)惊慌，惊慌失措
2.exuberance
英/ ɪɡˈzjuːbərəns /美/ ɪɡˈzuːbərəns /
n.丰富，茂盛;健康;感情洋溢(或慷慨激昂)的言行;(感情等的)过度(或极度)表现
3.sterling
英/ ˈstɜːlɪŋ /美/ ˈstɜːrlɪŋ /
n.英镑(英国货币);标准纯银
adj.(银)标准纯度的;英币的;纯银制的
n.(Sterling)(美、爱、英)斯特林(人名)
4.exacerbate
英/ ɪɡˈzæsəbeɪt /美/ ɪɡˈzæsərbeɪt /
v.使恶化，使加剧
5.truncate
英/ trʌŋˈkeɪt /美/ ˈtrʌŋkeɪt /
v.截断，删节;把……截成平面
adj.(叶、羽毛等)截形的;截短的
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