考研英语水平的进步，不仅要记单词，还需要阅读外语文献等资料。接下来，小编为2024考研者们，整理出——2024考研英语同源外刊:如何快速安抚哭闹的婴儿?供考生参考。
2024考研英语同源外刊:如何快速安抚哭闹的婴儿?
If you're a new parent or have ever had any exposure to a baby, you're no doubt familiar with this sound. Now, the emotions you might experience when treated to this exhibition of infant lung capacity may vary, depending on the time of day, how much sleep you've had (if any) and how long the show has been going on.
如果你刚为人父母，或者曾经接触过婴儿，你肯定对这种声音很熟悉。现在，当你看到这场“婴儿肺活量展览”时，你可能会感受到不同的情绪，这取决于一天中的不同时间段、你睡了多长时间(如果有的话)，以及婴儿哭闹持续了多久。
But one thing's for sure: Anyone who has ever heard a baby crying has wondered, "How do I make it stop?" Well, a new study shows that five minutes of motion is all it takes to get a crying baby to finally conk out. The work appears in the journal Current Biology.
但有一件事是肯定的：任何听过婴儿哭闹的人都想知道，“我怎么才能让其停止哭闹?”一项新的研究表明，只需5分钟就能让一个哭闹的婴儿安静下来。这项研究发表在《当代生物学》杂志上。
Infant crying is a big issue for parents. But what parents can do is quite limited. Kumi Kuroda is a lab head at the RIKEN Center for Brain Science in Japan—and a mother of four. She and her colleague Gianluca Esposito of the University of Trento in Italy know all the tricks.
婴儿哭闹对父母来说是个大问题。但父母能做的相当有限。黑田久美是日本理研脑科学中心的实验室负责人，也是四个孩子的母亲。她和她的同事意大利特伦托大学的吉安卢卡·埃斯波西托掌握了其中的诀窍。
Some parents put their baby in the stroller and walk around. Some strap them into battery-powered swings or rockers. Others swear by a late-night drive around the neighborhood. But there is one method that's more or less universal.
有些父母把他们的孩子放在婴儿车里，然后四处走动。有些人把孩子放在电驱动的秋千或摇椅上。还有些人则咬牙深夜带孩子出去兜一圈。但有一种方法或多或少是通用的。
Around the world, parents know that crying babies usually calm down when they are picked up and carried. And it doesn't just work for human babies. This phenomenon, the transport response, is widely seen in mammals such as mice, rats, lions—and in m&111nkeys.
全世界的父母都知道，哭闹的婴儿在被抱起来抱着的时候通常会平静下来。这不仅适用于人类婴儿。这种被称为运输反应的现象广泛见于哺乳动物，如老鼠、大鼠、狮子和猴子。
When toted by their moms, these baby animals quit their fidgeting and keep distress calls to a minimum. It's a response that's especially strong in species in which the young are physically immature and unable to care for themselves.
当它们的妈妈抱着它们的时候，这些小动物就不再坐立不安，把求救信号降到了最低。这种反应在那些幼体还不成熟，无法照顾自己的物种中表现得尤其强烈。
Now, when a mama mouse picks up and runs off with a pup, it's generally not so she can get some shut-eye. It is often an emergency that forces animal parents to carry their infants ... To, say, avoid an encroaching predator.
现在，当一只老鼠妈妈抱着一只小老鼠逃跑时，通常不是为了让它入睡。通常是紧急情况迫使动物父母抱着它们的孩子。比方说，为了躲避入侵的捕食者。
So the infants innately cooperate with the parents by withholding their cries and movements during carrying ... Because their lives literally depend on it. Now, to test the transport response in humans, Kuroda and her colleagues had 21 moms try four different approaches to getting their fussy babies to hush.
因此，婴儿天生就会与父母合作，在被抱着时克制自己的哭声和动作……因为他们的命就靠这个了。现在，为了测试人类的运输反应，黑田久美和她的同事让21位妈妈尝试了四种不同的方法来让她们哭闹的宝宝安静下来。
They held the babies while walking or just sitting. They pushed them in a stroller or placed them in a crib or on a couch—for just five minutes. And we found that all the infants stopped crying, and more than half of them fell asleep, during or soon after the five minutes of carrying—even in the daytime.
她们抱着婴儿走路或只是坐着。她们把孩子放在婴儿车里，或者放在婴儿床上，或者放在沙发上，时间只有五分钟。我们发现，所有的婴儿都停止了哭泣，超过一半的婴儿在五分钟内或之后不久就睡着了——即使是在白天。
That's a time when they wouldn't normally be trying to nap. Laying the babies down or sitting with them did nothing. But in the stroller—which seemed to work as well as the carry-and-walk approach—the babies relaxed. Their heart rate slowed, and they dropped off to sleep.
这是宝宝们通常不会尝试睡着的时间段。让婴儿躺下或与他们坐在一起并没有起到任何作用。但在婴儿车里，婴儿们放松了下来，这辆车的作用就像是妈妈随时抱着孩子一样有效。他们的心率减慢，然后就睡着了。
Then came the tricky part. When the mothers tried to put their sleepy babies to bed, more than one third of the infants became alert again. It turns out that detaching from mom triggers a physiological response that can wake a baby right up again.
然后是棘手的部分。当妈妈们试着让熟睡的婴儿上床睡觉时，超过三分之一的婴儿又开始清醒起来。事实证明，与母亲分离会引发一种生理反应，可以再次唤醒婴儿。
That's because ... Sleep is shallow in the initial phase. In that early stage of sleep, which lasts about eight minutes in babies that are four to five months old, a gentle touch or a quietly closing door is enough to raise their heart rate and remind them that they were vocally objecting to their current condition just a minute or two ago.
那是因为……起初阶段的睡眠很浅。在睡眠的早期阶段，四到五个月大的婴儿大约持续八分钟，轻轻触碰下或轻轻关上门，就足以加快他们的心率，还会提醒他们，就在一两分钟前，他们口中还在反对自己目前的状况。
The solution? Waiting five to eight minutes after sleep onset stabilizes the sleep state. So Kuroda says you should sit with your snoozing offspring for an extra eight minutes before attempting to lay them down. This method of five-minute walking and five-to-eight-minute sitting, is cost-free, science-based and effective.
有什么解决办法呢?在入睡后等待五到八分钟可以稳定睡眠状态。因此，黑田久美说，你应该多坐八分钟陪你刚入睡的孩子，然后再试着让他们躺下。这种步行5分钟，坐5至8分钟的方法，是免费的、有科学依据的、有效的。
So I think it is worth trying before worrying about the infant crying or what's wrong with the baby or getting frustrated and stressed out. If it works for a lioness, it should work for a tiger mom—or any exhausted parent hoping for just a few minutes' peace.
因此，我认为在担心婴儿哭闹或婴儿出了什么问题或感到沮丧和压力之前，这是值得一试的。如果它对母狮子有效，那么它也应该适用于老虎妈妈——或者任何期待着哪怕能获得几分钟安宁的疲惫父母。
重难点词汇：
conk out 出故障;失去知觉;耗尽
fidget [ˈfɪdʒɪt] v. 坐立不安;手足无措 n. 躁动;心神不宁
encroach [ɪnˈkroʊtʃ] v. 侵占;侵害;侵蚀
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