考研英语水平的进步，不仅要记单词，还需要阅读外语文献等资料。接下来，小编为2024考研者们，整理出——2024考研英语同源外刊2月:长期挖鼻孔会导致老年痴呆?供考生参考。
2024考研英语同源外刊2月:长期挖鼻孔会导致老年痴呆?
A mouse study suggests an especially disgusting risk factor for dementia: nose picking.
一项针对老鼠的研究发现，挖鼻孔是导致痴呆症的一个风险因素。
Digging around in the nasal passage sends a bacteria known as Chlamydia pneumoniae up through the nasal passage and into the brain where it then attacks the central nervous system, according to the recent study, published in the journal, Scientific Reports.
根据近期发表在《科学报告》杂志上的一项研究，挖鼻孔可使肺炎衣原体通过鼻腔进入大脑，然后攻击中枢神经系统。
Once in the brain, the bacteria stimulates the deposit of amyloid beta protein thought to be a hallmark of dementia and Alzheimer's disease.
肺炎衣原体一旦进入大脑，会促进β淀粉样蛋白的沉积，这是痴呆症和阿尔茨海默症的标志。
"We're the first to show that Chlamydia pneumoniae can go directly up the nose and into the brain where it can set off pathologies that look like Alzheimer's disease," says Professor James St John, Head of the Clem Jones Center for Neurobiology and Stem Cell Research. "We saw this happen in a mouse model, and the evidence is potentially scary for humans as well."
克莱姆·琼斯神经生物学和干细胞研究中心负责人詹姆斯·圣约翰教授表示：“我们的研究首次证明，肺炎衣原体可以直接通过鼻子进入大脑，并在大脑引发类似阿尔茨海默病的病变。我们在小鼠实验中看到了这种情况，这一证据对人类来说也需警惕。”
The team plans further study to see if the same pathways do in fact, exist in humans, St John added. If the relationship holds, St.John said it might suggest that memory loss might be modified by limiting nose picking and playing with nose hairs, as well as other lifestyle factors.
他还表示，研究团队已经在计划下一阶段的研究，旨在证明人类也存在同样的通路。如果这种方式成立，这可能表明，通过避免挖鼻子和拔鼻毛等生活习惯，可以改善记忆力下降的情况。
Studies already show an intriguingconnection between the brain and nose. A decline in a person's sense of smell over time can foretell structural changes in regions of the brain important in Alzheimer's disease and dementia.
已有研究证实，大脑和鼻子之间存在一种有趣的关联。随着时间的推移，一个人嗅觉下降可以预示大脑中与阿尔茨海默症和痴呆症相关区域的结构变化。
University of Chicago researchers asserted in a study published earlier this year that a rapid decline in a person’s sense of smell during a period of normal cognition predicted multiple features of Alzheimer’s disease, including smaller gray matter volume in the areas of the brain related to smell and memory, worse cognition and higher risk of dementia in these older adults.
芝加哥大学的研究人员在今年早些时候发表的一项研究中表示，一个人在正常认知期间嗅觉的迅速下降预示着阿尔茨海默症的多种特征，包括大脑中与嗅觉和记忆有关的区域的灰质体积缩小、认知能力，老年人患痴呆症的风险更大。
In fact, “the risk of sense of smell loss was similar to carrying the APOE-e4 gene, a known genetic risk factor for developing Alzheimer’s,” the University of Chicago News website states.
事实上，据芝加哥大学新闻网站称，“嗅觉丧失的风险与携带 APOE-e4 基因的风险相似，APOE-e4 基因是导致阿尔茨海默氏症的已知遗传风险因素”。
The changes were most noticeable in the primary olfactory regions, including the amygdala and entorhinal cortex, which is a major input to the hippocampus, a critical site in Alzheimer’s disease, the scientists of that study said.
参与这项研究的科学家说，这些变化在主要的嗅觉区域较为明显，包括杏仁核和内嗅皮层，这是海马体的主要输入区，而海马体是阿尔茨海默病的关键部位。
Their results add to a growing body of research linking the rapid decline in the sense of smell with deterioration in specific brain structures associated with memory and executive function.
越来越多的研究表明，嗅觉的迅速衰退与记忆和执行功能相关的特定大脑结构的恶化有关。
重难点词汇：
hallmark [ˈhɔːlmɑːrk] n. 特点;特征
intrigue [ɪnˈtriːɡ , ˈɪntriːɡ] v. 引起…的好奇心;迷住;耍阴谋 n. 密谋;谋划
foretell [fɔrˈtɛl] v. 预言;预示
olfactory [ɑlˈfækt(ə)ri] adj. 嗅觉的
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